CITATIONS AND  BIOGRAPHIES
Forerunner of Spiritism
Allan KARDEC : "1804 - 1869"
Pedagogue and medical student, French linguist. Codified and founded spiritism. 
“Birth, death, rebirth and constant evolution, such is the law of life”. 
“All effects have a cause, all intelligent effects have an intelligent cause, the power of the intelligent cause is in proportion to the size of the effect”.
BIOGRAPHY
Gabriel DELANNE : "1857-1926"
French electrical engineer and author of books on spiritism.
“Is it wise to dismiss without having studied something or is it wiser to contact those who have really conducted experiments with care ?”
Léon DENIS : "1846 - 1927"
French Auto-didactic. Speaker and author of books on spiritism.
“For all those who objectively study spiritist phenomena and are able to obtain laws from this, these phenomena are caused by independent entities, by the spirits of the dead”.
Camille FLAMMARION : "1842 - 1925".
French astronomer, founder of the French Astronomy Society. Author of spiritist books.
“I have no hesitation in saying that he who states that spiritist phenomena are contrary to science does not know what he is talking about. Indeed, there is nothing super-natural in nature. There is only the unknown : but what was unknown yesterday becomes the truth of tomorrow”. 
Gustave GELEY : "1868 - 1924"
French doctor. Experimented with ectoplasmic phenomena and founded the Psychic Institute in Paris.
“The knowledge of the conditions of evolution (influence of nature, struggle for survival, natural selection) cannot exclude the notion of initial cause nor final cause”.
Pierre-Gaetan Leymarie : "1817 – 1901"
Born in Tulle on May 2nd 1817, Leymarie arrives in Paris at an early age to make a name for himself. Following the coup d’etat in 1857, he goes into exile, returning only after the amnesty. He loves reading, anything from politics to religion, art and literature. He becomesz of Allan Kardec’s closest disciples and after Kardec’s death he is appointed head of the Spiritist Society, editing the “Spiritist Review”. In 1878 he organises the “Society for Psychological Studies” and spreads translations of Kardec’s work across the globe. He dies in 1901, is cremated and his ashes placed next to his wife Marina Leymarie in the Père Lachaise cemetery. The tombstone has the inscription : “To die is to leave the shadows to enter into the light”.
Victorien Sardou : "1831 – 1908"
As an author, Sardou was a fervent spiritist and an artistic medium. He was the Chairman of the Spiritist Conference of 1900 in Paris. 
In 1904 he wrote : “When one is not lucky enough, as I was as a medium, to be convinced by one’s own experiences or to observe the phenomena produced by powerful mediums, the best one can do is to stay away from “home-made experiments” which are true child’s play. One must trust the observations of scientists who have studied such phenomena and asserted their convictions. If spiritist were only a trick, this would have been revealed many years ago and there would not be millions of believers in the world today”.
Victor HUGO : "1802 - 1885".
French writer. Spiritist.
“Turning a blind eye to the spiritst phenomena is turning a blind eye to the truth”.
William CROOKES : "1832-1919"
English Professor, physician and chemist. Member of the Royal Society.
Experimented with ectoplasmic phenomena and the power of the mind. 
“Having convinced myself of the reality of spiritist phenomena, I would be a coward if I were not to support the movement – I do not state that it is a possibility but a reality”.
Oliver LODGE : "1851-1940".
English professor and physician. Rector of the University of Birmingham and author of books on spiritism. 
“I am a spiritist because, after over 20 years of study, I have had to accept these phenomena as a reality”. 
Thomas EDISON : "1847 - 1931"
American inventor with over 500 patents.
A spiritist who tried to invent a machine to communicate with the afterlife.
“I have now reached a point where I feel obliged to strongly support the idea that life exists after death. I am even inclined to support spiritism and its principle that communication is possible between this world and that of the deceased”. 
Arthur Conan DOYLE : "1859 - 1930"
English Doctor and writer (created the character Sherlock Holmes).
“Either the observers are liars or mad. Or their observations are true.
When I state without the shadow of a doubt that I saw, in the presence of witnesses both my mother and my nephew who were dead, then I must belong to one of these 2 categories. I leave it to those who know me and to my work to decide on this.”
Cesare LOMBROSO : "1835 - 1909"
Italian professor, criminologist and psychiatrist. 
“Spiritism is called a fake…..which dispenses people from thinking.
I am embarrassed to have fought against the possible reality of spiritist phenomena”.

Copyright © 1998 Cercle Allan Kardec . All rights reserved
Last update : 15 mars 2004